which country has the best quality education in the world?
Education is the learning of the knowledge, skills and habits of a group of people who are passed down from one generation to the next through teaching, training, or research. Education often takes place under the guidance of others, but is also self-taught.
The education system in the world is various. Every country in the world has different regulations regarding the education in their countries. In Indonesia, there are several articles that regulate education. One of them is Related to the Rights and Obligations of Citizens, Parents, Communities and the Government in the implementation of national education regulated in article 5 to article 12 of Law (Law) Number 20 of 2003 concerning the National Education System.
But whether our country is included in the group of countries that have the best education system in the world? In fact the country that ranks first as the best country in the world is Finland. Why is that?
Education in Finland is known as the best education system in the whole world. Since the results of the international examinations of the International Student Assessment Program (PISA) came out in 2000, Finland has received special attention from all over the world. Finnish teenagers managed to rank first along with South Korea and Japan. In these results, Finland ranked first in Literacy Reading, fourth in Mathematics, and third in Natural Sciences. Quality education depends a lot on the quality of the ranks of educators who are given full freedom in formulating the curriculum and determining teaching-learning methods and materials. This success has attracted around 100 delegates from 40-45 countries around the world to visit the Finnish Ministry of Education in the period 2005-2011 and learn the key to the success of the education system there. Finland has also exported its education system to other countries.
The education system in Finland does not enforce the ranking of educational institutions and is an inclusive system where all students are considered equal in their right to education. Therefore, there is no class division according to academic competence or for children with special needs. The school year begins in August and ends in June with a total of 190 school days. Students attend school five days a week with the number of lessons ranging from 19-30 per week, depending on the level of learning and the number of elective classes taken.
Education funding in Finland is strongly supported by the government where private and individual funds are very low; only 4.1% of the total national education operational expenditure in 2011. This figure is much lower than the average OECD countries at the level of 32%. The Finnish government budget for education posts per student is EUR 16,714 in 2011, 23% higher than the average budget of OECD countries. The majority of local governments also have the authority to determine schools for each student in their area, usually the closest school to each student's home.
The Finnish government ensures that all citizens are entitled to the same education. The majority of schools in Finland are public schools. Private schools do not differ much in quality and teaching-learning process compared to public schools. The Finnish Ministry of Education is responsible for formulating the system policy framework and education implementation in Finland, while the implementation itself is the responsibility of the Finnish National Education Agency. The two institutions work together in gathering learning objectives, as well as content and learning methods for preschool to high school and andragogy education. The administration of each school is the responsibility of the local government which determines the allocation of funds, the local curriculum, and the recruitment of education staff. Local governments are allowed to delegate these responsibilities to each school.
Formal education in Finland is fully held by the government and is provided free of charge to all Finnish citizens of all ages and levels of education. These free facilities include facilities and infrastructure for learning, daily meals at school, as well as transportation for students who live far from school locations. Exceptions for High School Students who need to buy their own printed books and for Adult Education participants who may need to pay for their own food. In addition, senior high school students as well as students can apply for tuition assistance through the scholarship system or education funding loans. According to the 2013 OECD report, as many as 84% of Finland's population aged 25-64 years at least graduated from high school. This figure is much higher than the OECD average (75%). Finland also has two systems of andragogy education (education for adults): certified education specifically aimed at helping the working tuna find jobs and generally improving the quality of human resources in scope of work and industry; and non-formal education which aims to improve skills and quality of life.
Finland focuses on optimizing the individual abilities of each student. They ensure this through a Coaching and Counseling framework that aims to support, assist, and foster students in order to achieve their best abilities academically and in life skills, such as the ability to think long, critically, and make decisions. Each student is fostered to find the best way to learn each. Every teacher and educator is responsible for treating each child individually (not stereotyping or classifying). Students who are below the academic average or who have special needs are entitled to additional academic and non-academic assistance so that they can reach the stage of academic achievement. "Absorbed in learning" and academic standards respectively.
Each educational institution has the discretion in carrying out the teaching-learning process, as long as it meets the educational regulatory framework determined by the Ministry of Education which has a general definition of the quality and effectiveness of education. Teachers get full freedom in determining the teaching methods and the selection of books and materials used. Universities even get wider freedom; they are allowed to determine their own framework and content of each study program and research.
The main evaluation of students is ongoing evaluation by the related teacher during the school year. Each student gets a report of learning outcomes at least once in an academic year. There are no national or national examinations for elementary students. The new national examination is held for senior secondary students at the end of the education level (see Senior Secondary Education).
School inspections were abolished in the early 1990s, and replaced with the concepts of information sharing, providing support, and funding summarized in education legislation, national curricula, and teacher qualification standards. Thus, the quality of educational programs in Finland depends a lot on the skills of teaching teams and staff in each educational institution. Each educational institution is responsible for carrying out individual evaluations beyond national evaluations which are carried out through periodic national examinations in different fields of study each time depending on the decision of the Finnish Ministry of Education and Culture evaluation results. Subjects tested may be in the academic field (language, literature, mathematics) or non-academic (arts, crafts, or extracurricular lessons). The results of the national evaluation are given back to each school to be used as material for quality improvement going forward. There are no national evaluations for universities, therefore each university is required to carry out its evaluations independently and there is no national ranking of the university. Teacher evaluations are carried out through discussions on the teacher's personal evaluation with leaders in the relevant educational institutions.
The education system in Finland is inclusive, that is, there is no differentiation of the education system between regular learners and learners with special needs. Students with special needs remain in public school together with regular students and are entitled to additional assistance and support aimed at opening opportunities for students with special needs to get accustomed and able to continue to senior secondary education. In the upper middle class, students with special needs still get support, for example: vocational schools will provide custom learning plans per individual with special needs.
That is why this country has become the country with the best education system in the world. Hopefully Indonesia will be able to imitate the existing system there so that someday maybe we will compete with Finland as a candidate for the country with the best education level.
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